1. Aggregates:
As a rule, only washed aggregates should be used;
unwashed materials cause a higher proportional content of cement and
inferior quality.
Usually, sand and 2 sizes of gravel (crushed or natural) are used.
The grain size can be as large as 15 mm (5/8") depending on the
product to be cast. The aggregates are either stored a star-like bins
and retrieved by scraper buckets, or in silos arranged in a row and
fitted with a suitable conveyor system.
2. Cement:
As a rule, only Portland cement should be used. The cement quality
varies between 35 and 45 MPa [5000 and 6500 psi], either standard
or finely ground cement is used. Fine cement requires hardens faster
at increased strength, resulting in a shorter overall curing time.
Typically, the cement is stored in silos, only very seldom in bags.
3. Reinforcement:
A high quality pretensioning wire, with a yield is approx. 1650
- 1750 N/mm² (MPa), either in the form of ripped bars of Ø 3 to
7 mm (1/8 to 3/8") or strands of up to 0,6" diameter,
respectively, is used. Different storage arrangements for the wire
are available, such as wire racks [horizontally or vertically, depending
on wire size], wire "cages" which can be stacked ontop
of each other, or individual de-coiling stands.
4. Additives:
While, basically, additives are not needed, their use is becoming
increasingly popular to reduce the cement ratio. |